Political Conditional Funding and the Securitization of the Palestinian Context One of Israel’s central tenants includes persuading regional actors and states to impose political conditional funding in their contracts with Palestinian civil society organizations (CSOs) and UNRWA. This catapulted in December 2019 as the EU and EU member states increased political condition clauses in their contracts with Palestinian CSOs.158 This carries far-reaching implications for Palestinian CSOs whose work is decisive in supporting Palestinian communities threatened by Israeli policies of forcible displacement, colonization, and apartheid.159 In July 2021, the US joined suit by introducing counter-terrorism regulations in its funding agreement with UNRWA. The agreement includes clauses that condition funding on UNRWA carrying out vetting and screening mechanisms that the US deems appropriate. It additionally labels Palestinian political and resistance factions as terrorist groups and organizations, which contradicts the right of the Palestinian people to struggle for self-determination. The provision further leads to the exclusion of a large number of Palestine refugees and other persons addressed in the Consolidated Eligibility and Registration Instructions (CERI), especially those who have engaged in the Palestinian resistance struggle. The agreement also now allows for the surveillance, attacking, and punishing of UNRWA staff for their opinions on social media. This measure works to advance the Israeli-influenced US political to liquidate the Palestinian refugee question without granting Palestinian refugees their enshrined rights.160 De-Contextualizing and De-Politicizing the Palestinian Educational Curriculum Israel strategically undermines, denies, and coerces Palestinians’ right to education in order to advance its colonial enterprise and simultaneously subdue the Palestinian people’s capacities, national awareness, and sense of belonging. In 1948 Palestine, Palestinian students - as subjected to colonial- apartheid regime attend public schools separate from those that service Jewish Israeli students and receive disproportionate funding, and are forced to learn Hebrew, the language of their colonizers, while being forbidden from learning about their Palestinian identity, history, and national rights.161 In the occupied Palestinian territory, the Israeli colonial-apartheid regime hinders and impedes the realization of and access to the right to education through endless policies, including: access restrictions to schools, discriminatory planning and construction restrictions, demolition and confiscation of school equipment and facilities, military and 158 BADIL, European Union Conditional Funding: Its Illegality and Political Implications (BADIL 2020) [hereinafter BADIL, EU Conditional Funding] <https://www.badil.org/cached_uploads/view/2021/04/20/ europeanunionconditionalfunding-positionpaper-april2020-1618905422.pdf> accessed 3 October 2022. 159 Ibid. 160 BADIL, USA-UNRWA Framework Agreement: Assistance or Securitization? (Working Paper No. 29, BADIL 2022) [hereinafter BADIL, UNRWA Framework Agreement] <https://www.badil.org/cached_uploads/view/2022/02/21/ wp-29-unrwa-eng-1645448404.pdf> accessed 3 October 2022. 161 Sawsan Zaher, ‘The Prohibition on Teaching the Nakba in the Arab Education System in Israel’ (Adalah, September 2010) <https://www.adalah.org/uploads/oldfiles/newsletter/eng/sep10/docs/Sawsan%20Nakba%20English%20 final.pdf> accessed 3 October 2022. 30