1/3/2018 FY 14: Gender-based violence among stateless and national populations in Cote d'Ivoire Table 2. Correlates of lifetime violence victimization among stateless men Lifetime experience of violence victimization Total No (N=86) Yes (N=26) (N=112) n (%) n (%) n (%) Never 23 (71.9) 9 (90.0) 32 (76.2) 0.417 Once per month or less 4 (12.5) 0 (0.0) 4 (9.5) Few times per week/ daily 5 (15.6) 1 (10.0) 6 (14.3) 1 (1.2) 1 (3.8) 2 (1.8) p-value Partner alcohol use (n=42) Money that participant earns is more than partner (n=111) 0.370 Person who makes decisions about healthcare for participant (n=42) Participant 11 (35.5) 6 (54.5) 17 (40.5) 0.582 Partner 4 (12.9) 1 (9.1) 5 (11.9) Participant and partner jointly 13 (41.9) 4 (36.4 17 (40.5) Other family member 3 (9.7) 0 (0.0) 3 (7.1) *Marginally significant <0.10; **Significant <0.05 General Health Few female participants self-rated their health as poor or very poor (national: 8.7% vs. stateless: 10.2%). One in five women reported elevated symptoms of depression, with no difference by nationality status. Stateless women were more likely to report difficulty in getting money for medical advice or treatment (72.7% vs. 50.0%), and concerns about deportation when accessing healthcare (40.2% vs. 1.3%) relative to national women. Similarly, few male participants self-rated their health as poor or very poor (national: 8.1% vs. stateless: 8.7%). Despite similar health ratings, stateless men reported lower use of hospitals (4.5% vs. 15.2%) Stateless and national men reported similar levels of depressive symptomatology (22.5%); however, stateless men were also more likely to report concerns getting money needed for health advice or treatment (73.9% vs. 48.5%), distance to the health facility (37.9% vs. 20.2%) and fear of deportation when accessing healthcare (39.7% vs. 0%) compared to national men. Appendix Table 7 provides the descriptive health characteristics of stateless and national men and women in Cote d’Ivoire. DISCUSSION This study sought to explore the context of statelessness and assess the association between statelessness and experiences of GBV among men and women in Cote d’Ivoire. Over 350 women and 220 men, approximately half of whom were stateless, participated in community-based surveys in early 2017. Major differences between stateless persons and those with Ivoirian nationality existed on the basis of basic demographics. Both women and men who were stateless were less likely to have ever attended school or attended secondary school; were more likely to face challenges legally marrying a partner; less likely to have any form of health insurance; less likely to own the land upon which they lived; and less likely to be able to open a bank account, compared to those with Ivoirian nationality – all of which are likely attributable to the fact that a lack of citizenship prohibits basic access to legal services and education. These same issues were mirrored among the partners/spouses of stateless persons, dually negatively impacting the family. Building on these challenges, statelessness impacts employment for these individuals; while employment levels were the same, slightly less than 50% of stateless women and men reported only having enough to meet basic needs to less than half of the month or never. These challenges may cause partners to travel elsewhere for work and may be attributable to the forty percent or less of stateless men and women who reported growing up in a dual parent household. Statelessness also drastically affects the livelihood of children. Few stateless parents reported that their children had been registered in Cote d’Ivoire. Stateless children were 22 times less likely to have access health insurance (0.6% stateless vs. 13.8% nationals). Children of stateless persons were also less likely to continue past secondary school. Consequently, these children of stateless parents are less able to be employed when they reach adulthood and more likely to become work on plantations or sell goods like their parents. https://www.state.gov/j/prm/policyissues/prmfund/276832.htm 10/27