Prophetic Law Review Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2023 one’s state of nationality, but crucially also these rights of entry, resident, and diplomatic protection.13 Therefore, the right to citizenship is the key right of all human rights. This is based on Hannah Arend's theory about everyone has a “right to have rights,” in which the right to citizenship is the link between human rights and the state.14 This is based on the fact that without attachment to a particular political community (state), there is no guarantee of someone’s rights, even for someone who was previously said to have rights attached to him. This is the reason stateless children are avoided because they will lose the capacity to enjoy essential rights in their life. On the other side, depriving a person of the status of a member of a community constitutes a crime against humanity.15 Consequences of Statelessness cause children to find it difficult to get their rights such as: a. Right to an education: In the field of education in Indonesia, the Government has adopted a compulsory education policy, wherein every citizen aged six years and above, can attend basic education free of charge. 16 This would be difficult to obtain if there is no intervention from the Indonesian government because stateless children do not have official identities in the form of residence documents or birth certificates as Indonesian citizens. b. Access to Healthcare: Without citizenship status, stateless persons will have difficulty getting social program guarantees and access to health provided by the government for their citizens. Access to health is one of the most important things, especially for children under five who are susceptible to disease and need immediate help if they get sick. On the other hand, in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic, some foreign refugees in Indonesia had difficulty accessing vaccines and felt that their fates were increasingly unclear in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. Some of them questioned the guarantee of healthcare pr in the midst of the outbreak, including vaccinations. Meanwhile, the risk of their exposure is the same as that of other residents and if ignored, it has the potential to be dangerous. For example, a refugee told journalist JN Joniad reporting for BBC News 13 David Owen, 'On the Right to Have Nationality Rights: Statelessness, Citizenship and Human Rights,” 65 (3) Netherlands International Law Review (2018), 303. 14 Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism (Schocken Books 2004), 291. 15 Hannah Arendt (n 14), 376. 16 Law No. 20 of 2003 on the National Education System, Art 34 (2). 26

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