‘Although humanitarian partners are trying to continue providing WASH [Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Promotion], shelter and food assistance to IDPs in Kyauk Ta Lone Camp so that the decision to relocate is voluntary, partners are facing pressure to construct infrastructure in the relocation site instead.’lxxvii There are two police checkpoints, one on the road leading to the temporary camp and the other at the entrance. There is also a military checkpoint manned by soldiers from Infantry Battalion 542 right next to the temporary camp and the new permanent site. Rohingya at Kyauk Ta Lone faced coercion and pressure to accept the NVC card, with the military authorities threatening to make their lives more difficult if they refused. The NVC denies the Rohingya their identity and offers negligible ‘improvements’ to the lives of cardholders. While Rohingya at the camp are permitted to visit downtown Kyaukpyu to buy food (the World Food Programme now provides cash assistance to the IDPs rather than food rations) they describe having the food frequently confiscated by the soldiers and repeated ill-treatment, including beatings.lxxviii When asked by BROUK to describe life in Kyauk Ta Lone camp one Rohingya youth replied, ‘We are now living a death.’lxxix ‘Subjecting the group to a subsistence diet / lack of proper food’ The Humanitarian Charter sets out that, ‘Food assistance is required when the quality and quantity of available food or access to food is not sufficient to prevent excessive mortality, morbidity or malnutrition. It includes humanitarian responses that improve food availability and access, nutrition awareness and feeding practices. Such responses should also protect and strengthen the livelihoods of affected people.’lxxx The restrictions on freedom of movement for Rohingya in camps – amounting to indefinite arbitrary detention - severely impact livelihoods, leaving the Rohingya largely dependent on food assistance. Humanitarian actors in Myanmar established a 100 percent target for households with access to food aid in the previous 3 months for the camps in Central Rakhine State. However, for the past six months the average has been 88 percent. In Kyein Ni Pyin, Nget Chaung 1 and Nget Chaung 2 camps in Pauktaw township, less than 70 percent of households have had access to food aid in the past six months.lxxxi The Humanitarian Charter sets out a minimum standard of greater than 90 percent coverage for both severe and moderate acute malnutrition cases with access to treatment services. This refers to the number of individuals receiving treatment as a proportion of the number of people who need treatment. (Sphere 175) While this target has largely been met, in Kyauk Ta Lone camp (earmarked for closure) and the officially ‘closed’ camps of Nidin and Taung Paw coverage stands at 0 percent.lxxxii The reasons for this are unclear. However, this statistic would appear to indicate issues of restricted access for humanitarian actors or failure to provide this treatment service on the part of military authorities. The potential consequences of this are far-reaching, described in more detail below. ‘Lack of water and proper sanitation facilities’ As the Humanitarian Charter sets out, ‘An environment free of human excreta is essential for people’s dignity, safety, health and well-being. This includes the natural environment as well as the living, learning and working environments. Safe excreta management is a Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Promotion (WASH) priority. In crisis situations, it is as important as providing a safe water supply. All people should have access to appropriate, safe, clean and reliable toilets.’lxxxiii The minimum humanitarian standard is 15 litres of water per person per day for drinking and domestic hygiene use. The Humanitarian Charter further clarifies, ‘It is never a “maximum” and may not suit all contexts or phases of a response. For example, it is not appropriate where people may be displaced for many years.’lxxxiv In the first quarter of 2022, less than half of the camps met this standard. Of particular concern are Maw Ti Ngar and Thet Kae Pyin camps, where Rohingya had access to less than half the daily minimum of water.lxxxv The only source of fresh water in many of the camps is rain collection. This inconsistent source can leave 12