Rohingya Human Rights Initiative (ROHRIngya) | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The aim of this research report is to provide a picture of lives of the Rohingya refugees in India during COVID-19 and to provide recommendations to alleviate their suffering, in general, and in the time of crisis, in particular. It has covered all the major states in India where the Rohingya refugees live, including NCT Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu, Punjab and Telangana. It documents everyday aspects of life, such as livelihood, health, gender-based violence, WASH and hygiene, and children’s education. Representing a mixed methods approach, this report draws from both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. Our team has conducted 18 in-depth interviews, surveyed 152 community leaders and members across India, and consulted extensive secondary literature and related media reports. The report also highlights how various government bodies, domestic and international agencies, and refugee-led organisations responded to the needs of refugees during the pandemic, especially the Rohingya people. It will be a useful resource for refugee rights workers and activists, community organisations, national and international refugee organisations, and civil society organisations to advocate for the Rohingya refugees and render services and assistance efficiently. The key findings are as follows: LIVELIHOODS • Rohingya refugees faced significant adverse impacts on their livelihoods due to COVID-19. Around 46.6% of respondents reported having lost their jobs or closed their businesses due to the COVID crisis, while 37.8% reported no significant disruption. No significant disruption does not mean that they had a stable and liveable job. Rohingya refugees’ every-day life passes through struggle even in normal time. The remaining faced many other issues, including income reductions, change of occupation (business to wage labour), change of jobs, lack of mobility due to lockdowns, etc. The monthly income of more than 66% of Rohingya refugees decreased. The squeezing of income forced 44% of respondents to adopt negative mechanisms such as skipping or reducing meal consumption daily. • During the COVID-19 pandemic, national and international organisations such as UNHCR and its implementing partners remained frontrunners in 5