6. AFTER A JUDGMENT
52
7. LEGAL ARGUMENTS
54
7.1. The definition of stateless person and the determination that a person is stateless
57
7.2. The right of every child to acquire a nationality
57
7.3. Discrimination based on sex and gender
63
7.4. Discrimination based on race, religion, or ethnicity
67
7.5. Arbitrary denial or deprivation of nationality and the right to due process
72
7.6. Acquisition of nationality based on habitual residence
76
7.7. State succession
78
7.8. Birth registration and legal identity
80
7.9. Consequential violations
84
8. OTHER RESOURCES
89
8.1. General resources on statelessness and nationality
89
8.2. Databases of jurisprudence on nationality and statelessness
89
8.3. Comparative law
89
8.4. Comparative reports
89
8.5. Litigation resources
90
8.6. List of cases by jurisdiction
90
FOCUS BOXES
A – Stateless persons and undocumented nationals: Avoiding the term “de facto stateless”
15
B – Case example: Contested impact of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights decisions
concerning the Dominican Republic
26
C – Case example: DZ v. The Netherlands
30
D – Case example: Litigating citizenship in Kenya: strategy, targets, evidence and remedies
34
E – Resources to find international law, comparative jurisprudence and other materials
39
F – Typical groups at risk of statelessness
44
G – Third party interventions by UN agencies
46
H – Case example: Bringing international and comparative legal analysis to Colombia’s Constitutional Court
47
I – Case example: Litigation as the foundation for ongoing advocacy on behalf of Urdu-speakers in Bangladesh
53
J – The right to a nationality in international and regional human rights treaties
57
K – Case example: Family Frontiers litigates for equality in Malaysian citizenship laws
66
U N H C R | L I T I G AT I N G T H E R I G H T T O A N AT I O N A L I T Y: A G U I D E F O R P R AC T I T I O N E R S
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