PLOS ONE Undocumented: An examination of legal identity and education provision for children in Malaysia 15. Ratification Status for Malaysia [Internet]. OHCHR. [cited 2021 Mar 18]. Available from: https:// tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/TreatyBodyExternal/Treaty.aspx?CountryID=105&Lang=EN. 16. Loganathan T, Rui D, Ng C-W, Pocock NS. Breaking down the barriers: Understanding migrant workers’ access to healthcare in Malaysia. PLOS ONE. 2019; 14(7):e0218669. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0218669 PMID: 31269052 17. International Federation for Human Rights. Undocumented migrants and refugees in Malaysia: Raids, Detention and Discrimination 2008 [cited 2021 Oct 8]. Available from: https://www.refworld.org/docid/ 47f0b03b2.html. 18. Letchamanan H. Myanmar’s Rohingya refugees in Malaysia: Education and the way forward. Journal of International and Comparative Education (JICE). 2013:86–97. https://doi.org/10.14425/00.50.24 19. UNHCR. Durable Solutions in Malaysia Malaysia: UNHCR; 2021 [cited 2021 Jul 15]. Available from: https://www.unhcr.org/en-my/durable-solutions-in-malaysia.html. 20. Allerton C. Invisible children? Non-recognition, humanitarian blindness and other forms of ignorance in Sabah, Malaysia. Critique of Anthropology. 2020; 40(4):455–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 0308275X20959435 21. UNICEF. Children out of school Putrajaya, Malaysia: United Nations Children’s Fund, Malaysia; 2019. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/malaysia/media/921/file/Out%20of%20School%20children% 20%20(OOSCI)%20Accessible%20version.pdf. 22. Taib F. Invisible, vulnerable and marginalized children in Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. 2013; 19:1–5. PubMed PMID: MJPCH-01-18-2-2012. 23. Tefera AA, Powers JM, Fischman GE. Intersectionality in Education: A Conceptual Aspiration and Research Imperative. Review of Research in Education. 2018; 42(1):vii–xvii. https://doi.org/10.3102/ 0091732X18768504 24. Harris A, Leonardo Z. Intersectionality, Race-Gender Subordination, and Education. Review of Research in Education. 2018; 42(1):1–27. https://doi.org/10.3102/0091732X18759071 25. Atewologun D. Intersectionality Theory and Practice. Oxford Research Encyclopedias, Business and Management. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190224851.013.48 26. Crenshaw K. Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color. Stanford Law Review. 1991; 43(6):1241–99. https://doi.org/10.2307/1229039 27. Walker J, Pearce C, Boe K, Lawson M. The Power of Education to Fight Inequality: How increasing educational equality and quality is crucial to fighting economic and gender inequality. OXFAM Briefing Paper. 2019. https://doi.org/10.21201/2019.4931 28. Hart CS. The capability approach and education. Cambridge Journal of Education. 2012; 42(3):275– 82. https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2012.706393 29. Brown P, Reay D, Vincent C. Education and social mobility. British Journal of Sociology of Education. 2013; 34(5–6):637–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2013.826414 30. Tilak JBG. Education and poverty. Journal of human development: A Multi-Disciplinary Journal for People-Centred Development,. 2002; 3(2):191–207. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649880220147301 31. Preece J. Widening participation for social justice: poverty and access to education. In: Oduaran A., Bhola H.S., editors. Widening access to education as social justice. Dordrecht: Springer; 2006. p. 113–26. 32. Srivastava Aashish, Thomson Stanley. Framework analysis: a qualitative methodology for applied policy research. 4 Journal of Adminstration and Governance. 2009;72. 33. International Organization for Migration (IOM). Glossary on Migration Geneva, Switzerland2019. Available from: https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/iml_34_glossary.pdf. 34. Coalition on Every Child’s Right to a Nationality. Gender Discrimination and Childhood Statelessness UNHCR2019 [cited 2021 Mar 17]. Available from: https://www.unhcr.org/ibelong/genderdiscrimination-and-stateless-children/. 35. Low CC. Report on citizenship law: Malaysia and Singapore: Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies. European University Institute.; 2017 [cited 2021 Oct 1]. Available from: https://cadmus.eui.eu/ handle/1814/45371. 36. Lim I. Why Malaysia-born illegitimate children with foreign mothers are stateless: malaymail; 2019 Mar 27 [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2019/03/27/whymalaysia-born-illegitimate-children-with-foreign-mothers-are-stateless/1736828. 37. Razali RM. Addressing statelessness in Malaysia: New hope and remaining challenges: Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion; 2017. 9:[1–10]. Available from: https://files.institutesi.org/WP2017_09.pdf. 38. Development of Human Resources in Rural Areas DHRRA. Legal action to address childhood statelessness in Malaysia. In: Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion, editor. The World’s Stateless: Children. Netherlands: Wolf Legal Publishers (WLP); 2017. p. 460–7. PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263404 February 2, 2022 22 / 26

Select target paragraph3