provided, including regular vaccination.396 Specialists should monitor the development of children in detention in collaboration with community health services.397 Pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers should receive appropriate health advice and diets.398 The staff of detention facilities should also receive basic training on the health care of children so that they can respond appropriately in times of need and emergencies.399 • Education and recreation: Children should receive adequate, age-appropriate education.400 Children should also be able to participate in recreational activities appropriate to their age and in cultural life and the arts.401 • Facilities: There should be child care facilities or arrangements to enable detained parents to participate in activities. At the same time, parents should be allowed to have maximum possible opportunities to spend time with their children.402 It is also recommended that there be sufficient social services of an adequate quality, including health and educational facilities.403 Children should be allowed to move freely in open spaces and playgrounds, as they would if they were in the community. 396 Ibid., rule 9; UNODC, the Bangkok Rules Commentary (2011), rules 9 and 49-52. 397 The Bangkok Rules (2010), rule 51(1). 398 Ibid., rule 48(1). 399 Ibid., rule 33. 400 Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989), art. 28. 401 Ibid., art. 31. 402 The Bangkok Rules (2010), rules 42 and 50. 403 Committee on the Rights of the Child, Report and recommendations of the day of general discussion on “Children of incarcerated parents” (2011), para. 34. Example from Belgium— Infrastructure for children In Belgium, infrastructure appropriate for children are provided to those accompanying mothers in detention. Such infrastructure often includes a separate room next to and open to the mother’s cell. In all cases, the child has a separate bed. The room has all the necessary equipment for the stay of an infant or a very young child. The cells are open as often as possible (open during the day, closed for the nights). In principle, the child can move around freely. He or she also has access to the courtyard with games adapted to small children. The child has also toys in the prison cell. Relatives come to the prison regularly to play with the child. Children are also able to leave the prison regularly, including to have contact with his or her other parent (or other relatives). In order to avoid the child’s isolation from society, there are many support and assistance services that are responsible for maintaining the child’s relationships with the outside world. This includes ensuring maximum contact with the rest of the family, especially the father and grandparents. In addition, the child also regularly leaves prison accompanied by an adult, either to spend the day in the nursery or simply to enjoy the fresh air. 7.1.2 Deprivation of Liberty as Part of Juvenile Justice Process 190. The Convention on the Rights of the Child and international humanitarian law require that every child in detention be treated with humanity and respect for his or her inherent dignity, in 87.

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