13. The Handbook seeks to contextualize States’ counter-terrorism obligations under the United Nations Security Council resolutions within the broader international human rights and humanitarian normative frameworks, particularly those concerning child rights and children and armed conflict. With respect to the relevant Security Council resolutions, the present Handbook seeks to further build on the existing guidance provided by the Security Council CounterTerrorism Committee, established pursuant to resolution 1373 (2001) concerning counter-terrorism for implementing relevant resolutions in a manner that ensures full protection and promotion of the rights of the child, including its Madrid Guiding Principles on stemming the flow of foreign terrorist fighters30 and the 2018 Addendum to the 2015 Madrid Guiding Principles on foreign terrorist fighters, without purporting to create any new obligations for Member States.31 Target Audience and Focus of the Handbook 14. The target audience of the Handbook is primarily legal professionals, policymakers, security experts and practitioners who may benefit from further specific guidance on ensuring full protection and promotion of the rights of the child in the context of their work. Over the past few years, strategies, tools and technologies for countering terrorism have advanced at a rapid pace. Thus far, the adoption of legislation and policies to ensure that counter-terrorism measures are used in compliance with international human rights law, particularly concerning the rights of the child, has in many 30 S/2015/939. 31 S/2018/1177, annex to the letter dated 28 December 2018 from the Chair of the Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 1373 (2001) concerning counterterrorism addressed to the President of the Security Council (2018 Addendum to the 2015 Madrid Guiding Principles). 16. cases failed to keep pace with these developments. 15. While the Handbook primarily addresses issues concerning children affected by the foreign fighter phenomenon, the applicable international legal standards identified in the Handbook apply to all children, including those recruited and used by armed forces and armed groups, regardless of their age and parents’ nationalities. The goal of the Handbook is to ensure that all children’s rights are protected and that all children are assisted, while attempting to address security concerns that States face in relation to the foreign fighter phenomenon. 16. There is a wealth of materials on children affected by armed conflict developed by United Nations agencies, international and regional organizations, Governments, civil society organizations and think tanks. While avoiding duplication to the extent possible, the Handbook aims to consolidate and highlight how existing law and standards on children, especially those concerning children affected by armed conflict, apply to children affected by the foreign fighter phenomenon. Some relevant instruments and publications are also introduced throughout the Handbook. 17. Further, the Handbook focuses on eight issues that children affected by the foreign fighter phenomenon may face: (1) key human rights principles to protect children’s rights while addressing States’ security concerns, (2) ensuring the right to nationality, (3) preserving family unity, (4) repatriation, (5) rehabilitation and integration, (6) juvenile justice, (7) deprivation of liberty and (8) data collection and exchange.