MAPPING OF THE POPULATION AT RISK OF STATELESSNESS IN ALBANIA 4.1.1. Albania’s International obligations 4.1.2. Albania’s hierarchy of norms 4.2. Current citizenship regime in Albania 4.2.1. A combination of jus soli and jus sanguini 4.2.2. Acquisition of citizenship through naturalization 4.2.3. Loss of citizenship 4.3. Statelessness in Albanian national law 4.3.1. An incomplete definition of statelessness 4.3.2. Preventing statelessness 4.3.3. Birth registration and paternity 4.3.4. Birth registration and risk of statelessness 3 5. DEMOGRAPHY OF PERSONS AT RISK OF STATELESSNESS IN ALBANIA 5.1 The challenges of mapping persons at risk of statelessness in Albania 5.2. A statistical overview of the persons at risk of stateless in Albania 5.2.1 Geographical distribution of persons at risk of statelessness 5.2.2 Root causes- lack of civil documentation/birth registration 5.2.3 Birth place distribution of persons at risk of statelessness 5.3 Data sources 5.3.1. Groups covered by administrative and non-administrative data 6. REMAINING CHALLENGES OF PREVENTING STATELESSNESS AND PROTECTING PERSONS AT RISK OF STATELESSNESS IN ALBANIA 6.1. Prevention of statelessness 6.1.1. Albanian legislation shortcomings 6.1.2. Birth registration and bureaucratic challenges 6.1.3. Subsequent registration 6.2. Available protection for stateless persons and persons at risk of statelessness 6.2.1. Barriers to accessing justice and legal aid 6.2.2. The discriminatory factor 7. CONCLUSIONS 7.1 Conclusions ANNEXES A: INTERVIEWS WITH PERSONS AT RISK OF STATELESSNESS B: INTERVIEWS WITH STATELESS/AT RISK OF BEING STATELESS PEOPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY& REFERENCES UNHCR - TLAS / May 2018 5