liberal pretence of a jewish state135 protagonist is vividly content in actively seeking linguistic, cultural and social integration into what is explicitly a Jewish society. In today’s context, Bey is a de-Palestinianized Arab, and represents the liberal-Zionist understanding of the ideal Arab citizen in Israeli society. Rashid Bey’s character corresponds to the kind of ‘new Arab’ identity and consciousness demanded by contemporary Israel from its Arab citizens: a minority community that has to deny its own indigenous existence for any meaningful kind of civic participation, however limited. In fact, the Palestinian-Arabs who remained within the borders of the established state and came to be its citizens are referred to by state authorities as ‘Israeli-Arabs’. These names are not incidental but meant to accomplish political objectives, construct specific identities, and regulate certain social and political behaviour. Practically, these names doubly marginalize the community as they are named Arabs so as not to be Palestinians but, at the same time, they cannot be full Israelis as Arabs. Such positions illustrate the particular kind of Arab citizen that is invited by liberal Zionists such as Yakobson and Rubinstein to coexist with Jewish citizens. In the end, the liberal-Zionist invitation for coexistence is provided to figures such as Rashid Bey, the de-Palestinianized Arab, or modern Arab-Israeli. As the only constituent of a liberal-Zionist democracy, this individual is, in the best-case scenario, only narrowly included in the Israeli social fabric under the category of ‘non-Jew’. And as outlined in Chapter Two above, this narrow inclusion is also only provided after having accepted Jewish domination in all spheres of the state.15 Zionist Democracy in a Comparative Context Throughout their text, Yakobson and Rubinstein examine Israeli state institutions and power, particularly the relation with its Arab minority fictional character of Rashid Bey. Janice J. Terry explains that when it comes to depictions of Arab resistance to the Jewish state: “Zionist writers stress the violent aspects of Arabs, drawing a picture of a bloodthirsty people lusting for revenge. Again, the adjective ‘barbaric’ is often used. Various psychological weaknesses are also attributed to Arabs who are described as ‘terribly inhibited and handicapped by neurotic impediments and overstrained susceptibilities’. Arab leaders and governments are characterized as having ‘maniacal’ notions, or of fostering a ‘wild intoxication’. Continued Arab opposition to Israel is portrayed as irrational” (Terry 1976, 73). 15 For more on the ways in which Israeli state efforts to create the new identity of “Israeli-Arab” has failed, see Jamal (2011).