533US2
Unit: $U87
[10-21-02 18:35:10] PAGES PGT: OPIN
Cite as: 533 U. S. 678 (2001)
717
Kennedy, J., dissenting
for which he ultimately served time. Id., at 708. The INS
eventually revoked Rosales’ immigration parole, ordered him
deported, and held him pending deportation, subject to periodic consideration for parole under the Cuban Review Plan.
See 8 CFR § 212.12(g)(2) (2001). In reasoning remarkably
similar to the majority’s, the Court of Appeals for the Sixth
Circuit held that the indefinite detention of Rosales violated
Fifth Amendment due process rights, because “the government has offered . . . no credible proof that there is any possibility that Cuba may accept Rosales’s return anytime in the
foreseeable future.” 238 F. 3d, at 725. This result—that
Mariel Cubans and other illegal, inadmissible aliens will be
released notwithstanding their criminal history and obvious
flight risk—would seem a necessary consequence of the majority’s construction of the statute.
The majority’s confidence that the Judiciary will handle
these matters “with appropriate sensitivity,” ante, at 696,
700, allows no meaningful category to confine or explain its
own sweeping rule, provides no justification for wresting this
sovereign power away from the political branches in the first
place, and has no support in judicially manageable standards
for deciding the foreseeability of removal.
It is curious that the majority would approve of continued
detention beyond the 90-day period, or, for that matter, during the 90-day period, where deportation is not reasonably
foreseeable. If the INS cannot detain an alien because he
is dangerous, it would seem irrelevant to the Constitution or
to the majority’s presumption that the INS has detained the
alien for only a little while. The reason detention is permitted at all is that a removable alien does not have the same
liberty interest as a citizen does. The Court cannot bring
itself to acknowledge this established proposition. Likewise, it is far from evident under the majority’s theory why
the INS can condition and supervise the release of aliens
who are not removable in the reasonably foreseeable future,
or why “the alien may no doubt be returned to custody upon