statelessness. The Institute has made over 38 country specific UPR submissions on the human rights of stateless persons, and also compiled summaries of the key human rights challenges related to statelessness in all countries under review under the 23rd to the 33rd UPR Sessions. 5. The European Network on Statelessness (ENS)5 is a civil society alliance of NGOs, lawyers, academics, and other independent experts committed to addressing statelessness in Europe. Based in London, it currently has over 140 members in 40 European countries. ENS organises its work around three pillars – law and policy development, awarenessraising and capacity-building. ENS provides expert advice and support to a range of stakeholders, including governments. Previous UPR of ITALY under the First and Second Cycle 6. Italy was previously reviewed during the 7th and 20th UPR sessions, in 2010 and 2014. During both cycles, it received and accepted one recommendation related to nationality and statelessness. In 2010, it accepted the recommendation by Chile to implement existing Law 91/1992 on Italian citizenship in a manner that preserves the rights of all children born in Italy. In 2014, it accepted the recommendation by Hungary to accede to the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness and streamline the administrative process in order to reduce the number of stateless persons. Italy’s International obligations 7. Italy is party to the United Nations 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons (1954 Convention), which it ratified in 1962,6 and to the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness, to which it acceded in 2015 following Hungary’s recommendation.7 It should be noted that when acceding to the 1961 Convention, Italy declared that “at the time of the deposit of the instrument of accession, the [Italian] Government avails itself of the right provided for under article 8, paragraph 3, of the Convention”,8 in relation to the deprivation of citizenship of Italian nationals. 8. Italy has a good record of accession to core human rights treaties relevant to preventing statelessness and protecting stateless persons. These include the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD), Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). 5For more information about the European Network on Statelessness, see: www.statelessness.eu 1 febbraio 1962, n. 306, Ratifica ed esecuzione della Convenzione relativa allo status degli apolidi, adottata a New York il 28 settembre 1954: http://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/atto/serie_generale/caricaDettaglioAtto/originario?atto.dataPubblicazioneGazzetta=1 962-06-07&atto.codiceRedazionale=062U0306&elenco30giorni=false 7Accession to the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness, approved in New York on August 30th, 1961 (2802): http://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2015/10/12/15G00176/sg 8https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=IND&mtdsg_no=V-4&chapter=5&clang=_en#EndDec 6LEGGE 2