Towards gender equal nationality laws - Law reform and
momentum since 2023 - Progress, regress and ones to watch
Regress
▶ Iran: As noted on our website, in November
2023 Iran repealed its 2019 amendment to
the Law on Determining the Nationality of
Children Born from a Marriage of Iranian
Women and Foreign Men, upon approval of
the National Residency Organization Plan.
Although the amendment did not create
full equality between men and women
(children born to non-Iranian fathers were
still required to apply for nationality and pass
a security check, whereas children born to
Iranian men obtain citizenship automatically
at birth), it was a significant step in the right
direction. Without the amendment, children
born to Iranian mothers and non-Iranian
fathers within Iran are now only granted
citizenship once they reach the age of 18 and
have lived in the country for more than a
year; and children born to Iranian mothers
and non-Iranian fathers outside of Iran may
be granted citizenship once they reach the
age of 18 and have lived in the country for
more than five years.
Clarifications
▶ Tonga: not included in our The state we’re
in report as it is a gender equal nationality
law with respect to conferral of citizenship
on children and spouses, with minor
discrimination against formerly Tongan
men who renounced their citizenship to
acquire their wives’ foreign citizenship
and who could have a higher barrier to reacquire Tongan citizenship on the death of
or divorce from a foreign wife. (See Art. 8(4)
of the Nationality Act (2016)). Fortunately,
this would impact very few people but
nonetheless should be reformed.
“8 Naturalization of non-Tongans
(4) In the case of a woman who was a Tongan
subject previous to her marriage with a nonTongan and whose husband has died or whose
marriage has been dissolved, the requirements
of paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of this
section as to residence shall not apply.”
3
▶ Cote d’Ivoire: In most respects, the Cote
d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast) has a gender-equal
nationality law regarding the conferral
of citizenship on children and spouses.
However, Art. 28(3) allows the wife and adult
children of a man who acquires Ivorian
nationality to be naturalised without any
condition as to length of residence. This
discriminates against foreign women who
become naturalised, as their spouses and
children cannot get naturalised immediately,
and in fact naturalised women cannot confer
Ivorian nationality upon their children unless
their spouse has died. (See ISI UPR, para. 23)
Major events
▶ Global Multistakeholder Summit on
Advancing Gender Equality in Nationality
Laws
The Global Multistakeholder Summit on
Advancing Gender Equality in Nationality
Laws took place on 10-11 December,
2024. The Summit brought together
parliamentarians, government officials,
and representatives from civil society
organisations from among the twentyfour countries where women lack the right
to confer nationality on their children
on an equal basis with men, as well as
representatives from countries that have
enacted reforms to share learnings from
reform processes. Videos of presentations,
including on achieving the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development (the SDGs), are
available.
▶ Africa Multistakeholder Convening on
Achieving Gender Equality in Nationality
Laws
Held in Nairobi in February 2026, the
convening brought together government
representatives, parliamentarians, civil
society leaders, including impacted activists,
and regional and international experts
to move toward coordinated action. With
each day centred on the lived realities of
impacted activists, participants shared
national experiences, identified legal and
Select target paragraph3
Connect to a paragraph
Connect to an entity
Disable highlights
Add to table of contents