1933 March 22 Nazis establish the first concentration camp in Dachau, Germany to detain political prisoners and later Jews and others. Between 1933 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators established more than 44,000 sites to detain, facilitate forced labor, and commit mass murder of Jews and others. July 14 Law on the Revocation of Naturalization and Deprivation of German Citizenship strips citizenship from German naturalized citizens and German citizens residing abroad who are considered “undesirable,” including Jews. 1935 Holocaust January 30 Adolf Hitler appointed German chancellor April Nazis promote a nationwide boycott of Jewish-owned businesses. Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service is enacted, barring Jews from holding government positions. June 16 National census completed in Germany, identifying 525,000 Jews in the country—less than 0.75 percent of the population. Nazi regime later links this census data with a “marriage and family book” to develop a special racial database and a registration system, making it easier for the regime to “locate” its future Jewish victims. September 15 The Nazi regime enacts the Nuremberg Race Laws, which define “Jewishness” in terms of ancestry, prohibit marriage and sexual intercourse between Jews and Germans, and restrict citizenship to “German or kindred blood . . . that is both desirous and personally fit to serve loyally the German people and the Reich.” 1938 August 17 An executive order requires all Jews in Germany to add either “Sarah,” if a woman, or “Israel,” if a man, on all identity documents. The regime also publishes a list of “Jewish” names that parents must choose from when naming their newborns.