Chapter 4 Figure 16 | Asylum applications registered by region 2.5 (in millions) 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2016 2017 East and Horn of Africa Southern Africa West and Central Africa Asia and Pacific Europe (incl. Turkey) Middle East/North Africa Given the vast numbers of individuals fleeing violence and persecution who seek international protection, the process of determining whether a person receives protective status is crucial. Under the Global Compact on Refugees (GCR), an Asylum Capacity Support Group (ACSG) mechanism is to be established to provide support to the concerned national authorities to strengthen their asylum systems with a view of increasing their efficiency, fairness, adaptability and integrity. This special initiative introduced in the GCR will bring more coherence and consistency to asylum capacity support by matching support offers with needs. This mechanism will help States adapt their asylum systems to major changes in the world, from climate change to COVID-19. More than 16.2 million asylum applications were registered in the last decade. However, they do not represent the totality of persons who fled their country, neither were they equally distributed across 38 2015 2018 2019 Americas the seven major regions, as seen in Figure 16. Europe registered 9.2 million asylum claims, the Americas 3.4 million and the three regions in subSaharan Africa a combined two million. Asia and Pacific recorded almost one million claims and the Middle East and North Africa region about 633,000 individual asylum applications. AFRICA From 2008 until 2012, South Africa received the largest number of new asylum applications worldwide, registering 800,000 new asylum claims, mostly from Zimbabweans. The three regions in sub-Saharan Africa registered a total of two million individual asylum claims during the past decade – representing only a fraction of the overall number of refugees who sought international protection across the continent as many more were granted refugee status on a prima facie basis. UNHCR > GLOBAL TRENDS 2019

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