Declaration Allowing Rohingya Children to Receive a Formal Education States hosting refugee populations have a positive obligation under various international human rights instruments to provide educational opportunities to all children.112 This obligation becomes even more pressing when there are limited prospects for repatriation and entire generations may be deprived of an education. Bangladesh’s positive signaling towards lifting the ban on access to formal education for some Rohingya refugees signals an important shift towards recognition of Rohingya persons as rights-holders. However, and especially given the protracted nature of Rohingya communities’ displacement in Bangladesh, and the low likelihood of safe repatriation to Myanmar in the nearterm, it must be noted that the government of Bangladesh’s insistence on providing instruction in the Burmese language and in accordance with the Burmese curriculum runs counter to the goal of implementing long-term rights-based responses and promoting self-sufficiency and local integration with the host community. Additional action is needed to meet these commitments, including through a general implementation of access to formal education, providing additional financing, establishing a meaningful learning framework, and a clear pathway to accreditation. BANGLADESH Following a meeting of the National Taskforce on Rohingya in January 2020, the government of Bangladesh announced a pilot program through which Rohingya children in grades six to nine would be allowed to receive a formal education at learning centers run in collaboration with the UNHCR. The program will follow the Myanmar national curriculum and be taught in the Burmese language, in accordance with the government of Bangladesh’s insistence on the imminent repatriation of Rohingya and aversion to providing opportunities to Rohingya that may be understood as improving their ability to integrate with the local community. However, due to the spread of COVID-19, the pilot program has not been initiated. Access to Education for Children of LTV Holders While the right to education is universal in India, registration of non-citizen children still represents a significant challenge. The issuance of a legal status (such as foreigner in possession of an LTV) and the accompanying legal identification makes education much more accessible in practice. INDIA A 2011 policy on the granting of LTV to individuals fleeing prosecution,113 expanded in 2018 to include members of religious minority groups from Bangladesh and Pakistan, offers legal stay and the ability to open bank accounts, and allows children of status-holders to enroll in schooling. 33 UND OING PRECARIT Y: ELE VATING P OSITIVE PR ACTICES FOR REFU GEE PROTECTION IN SO U TH AND SO U THE AST ASIA