ENDNOTES 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 316 UN General Assembly, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 16 December 1966, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 999, p. 171, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b3aa0.html; UN General Assembly, Convention on the Rights of the Child, 20 November 1989, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1577, p. 3, available at: https://www.refworld. org/docid/3ae6b38f0.html. “Submission by the UNHCR For the OHCHR’s Compilation Report Universal Periodic Review: 4th Cycle, 42nd Session: Republic of Korea” (UNHCR, January 2022), https://refworld.org/pdfid/63c977814.pdf. “Introducing a Birth Registration System for Foreign Children,” United Nations Network on Migration, January 2023, https:// migrationnetwork.un.org/pledge/introducing-birth-registration-system-foreign-children. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, Concluding observations on the combined seventeenth to nineteenth periodic reports of the Republic of Korea, 10 January 2019, CERD/C/KOR/CO/17-19, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr. org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CERD%2FC%2FKOR%2FCO%2F17-19&Lang=en Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, Concluding observations on the combined seventeenth to nineteenth periodic reports of the Republic of Korea, 10 January 2019, CERD/C/KOR/CO/17-19, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr. org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CERD%2FC%2FKOR%2FCO%2F17-19&Lang=en Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, Information received from the Republic of Korea on followup to the concluding observations on its combined seventeenth to nineteenth periodic reports, 7 October 2020, CERD/C/KOR/ FCO/17-19, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CERD%2F C%2FKOR%2FFCO%2F17-19&Lang=en Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, Information received from the Republic of Korea on followup to the concluding observations on its combined seventeenth to nineteenth periodic reports, 7 October 2020, CERD/C/KOR/ FCO/17-19, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CERD%2F C%2FKOR%2FFCO%2F17-19&Lang=en South Korean NGO Coalition, NGO Follow-up report, January 2019, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/ treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=INT%2FCERD%2FFCO%2FKOR%2F41682&Lang=en South Korean NGO Coalition, NGO Follow-up report, January 2019, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/ treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=INT%2FCERD%2FFCO%2FKOR%2F41682&Lang=en Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, Follow-up letter sent to the State party, 24 November 2020, CERD/102 nd session/FU/MK/ks, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download. aspx?symbolno=INT%2FCERD%2FFUL%2FKOR%2F43708&Lang=en Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, Follow-up letter sent to the State party, 24 November 2020, CERD/102 nd session/FU/MK/ks, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download. aspx?symbolno=INT%2FCERD%2FFUL%2FKOR%2F43708&Lang=en “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2022” (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, June 14, 2023), https:// www.unhcr.org/global-trends-report-2022. “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2021” (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, June 16, 2022), https:// www.unhcr.org/us/media/40152. “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2021”; “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2022”; “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2019” (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, June 18, 2020), https://www.unhcr.org/ flagship-reports/globaltrends/globaltrends2019/; “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2020” (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, June 18, 2021), https://www.unhcr.org/statistics/unhcrstats/60b638e37/global-trends-forceddisplacement-2020.html. Chulhyo Kim and Seori Choi, ‘Mapping Statelessness in the Republic of Korea’ (December 2021) 77 “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2019.” “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2020.” “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2021.” “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2022.” “Submission by the UNHCR For the OHCHR’s Compilation Report Universal Periodic Review: 4th Cycle, 42nd Session: Republic of Korea.” “Submission by the UNHCR For the OHCHR’s Compilation Report Universal Periodic Review: 4th Cycle, 42nd Session: Republic of Korea.” “South Korea Intercepts Boat Carrying North Korean Defectors,” Al Jazeera, October 24, 2023, https://www.aljazeera.com/ news/2023/10/24/south-korea-detains-vessel-carrying-four-suspected-north-korean-defectors. Chulhyo Kim and Seori Choi, ‘Mapping Statelessness in the Republic of Korea’ (December 2021) 43 Chulhyo Kim and Seori Choi, ‘Mapping Statelessness in the Republic of Korea’ (December 2021) 44. “Seoul Rejects Refugee Claims by Chinese-North Korean Defectors,” The Asahi Shimbun, November 10, 2021, https://www. asahi.com/ajw/articles/14478979. “Seoul Rejects Refugee Claims by Chinese-North Korean Defectors.” “Seoul Rejects Refugee Claims by Chinese-North Korean Defectors.” “Seoul Rejects Refugee Claims by Chinese-North Korean Defectors.” See Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, ‘Concluding Observations on the Eighth Periodic Report of the Republic of Korea’ UN Doc CEDAW/C/KOR/CO/8 (14 March 2018) [34]–[35]; Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, ‘Concluding Observations on the Combines Seventeenth to Nineteenth Periodic Reports of the Republic of Korea’ UN Doc CERD/C/JOR/CO/17–19 (10 January 2019) [21]–[24], [27]–[28]. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, Concluding observations on the eighth periodic report of the Republic of Korea, 14 March 2018, CEDAW/C/KOR/CO/8, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/ treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CEDAW%2FC%2FKOR%2FCO%2F8&Lang=en STATELESSNESS ENCYCLOPEDIA ASIA PACIFIC (DETAILED VERSION) ENDNOTES 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 Chulhyo Kim and Seori Choi, ‘Mapping Statelessness in the Republic of Korea’ (December 2021) 21–48 Chulhyo Kim and Seori Choi, ‘Mapping Statelessness in the Republic of Korea’ (December 2021) 21–48 “Submission by the UNHCR For the OHCHR’s Compilation Report Universal Periodic Review: 4th Cycle, 42nd Session: Republic of Korea.” Chulhyo Kim and Seori Choi, ‘Mapping Statelessness in the Republic of Korea’ (December 2021) 41 Nationality Act (2016) s 2(1)(3) (South Korea). Chulhyo Kim and Seori Choi, ‘Mapping Statelessness in the Republic of Korea’ (December 2021 52 Chulhyo Kim and Seori Choi, ‘Mapping Statelessness in the Republic of Korea’ (December 2021) 21-28; Min-Chul Hwang, ‘Exploring Marriage Migrants’ Citizenship Acquisition in South Korea’ (2015) 24(3) Asia and Pacific Migration Journal 376; Susan Kneebone, ‘Transnational Marriage Migrants and Nationality: The Case of South Korea and Taiwan’ (Conference Paper, International Academic Conference, November 2017); Hee-Kang Kim, ‘Marriage Migration between South Korea and Vietnam: A Gender Perspective’ (2012) 36(3) Asian Perspective 531. UN Statistics Division, ‘Demographics and Social Statistics’ (February 2021) <https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographicsocial/crvs/> Chulhyo Kim and Seori Choi, ‘Mapping Statelessness in the Republic of Korea’ (December 2021) 44 Lee Jaeeun, “4,000 Unregistered Foreign Babies — Where Are They?,” The Korea Herald, July 5, 2023, https://www. koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20230705000814. US Department of State, South Korea 2021: Human Rights Report (April 2022) [22]-[23] Human Rights Committee, Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of the Republic of Korea, 24 November 2023, CCPR/C/KOR/CO/5, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download. aspx?symbolno=CCPR%2FC%2FKOR%2FCO%2F5&Lang=en Jaeeun, “4,000 Unregistered Foreign Babies — Where Are They?” Human Rights Committee, Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of the Republic of Korea, 24 November 2023, CCPR/C/KOR/CO/5, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download. aspx?symbolno=CCPR%2FC%2FKOR%2FCO%2F5&Lang=en Lee Jung-youn, “Charity Launches Campaign to Make Registration of Foreign Babies Mandatory,” The Korea Herald, October 19, 2023, https://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20231019000715. Human Rights Committee, Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of the Republic of Korea, 24 November 2023, CCPR/C/KOR/CO/5, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download. aspx?symbolno=CCPR%2FC%2FKOR%2FCO%2F5&Lang=en Human Rights Committee, Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of the Republic of Korea, 24 November 2023, CCPR/C/KOR/CO/5, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download. aspx?symbolno=CCPR%2FC%2FKOR%2FCO%2F5&Lang=en; “South Korea: Reconsider ‘Anonymous Birthing’ Bill,” Human Rights Watch (blog), October 3, 2023, https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/04/south-korea-reconsider-anonymous-birthingbill. “South Korea.” “Democracy Report 2022: Autocratization Changing Nature?” (University of Gothenburg, March 2022), https://v-dem.net/ media/publications/dr_2022.pdf; Jing-Han Chen, “Contested Citizenship and Statelessness in Question: An Analysis of Cases of Overseas Taiwanese People and Tibetan Exiles in Taiwan” (University of Edinburgh, 2023), https://era.ed.ac.uk/bitstream/ handle/1842/40540/Chen2023.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. “The Official Position of the Republic of China (Taiwan) on the People’s Republic of China’s AntiSecession (Anti-Separation) Law,” Mainland Affairs Council, Republic of China (Taiwan) (Mainland Affairs Council, Republic of China (Taiwan), March 29, 2005), https://www.mac.gov.tw/en/News_Content. aspx?n=8A319E37A32E01EA&s=D1B0D66D5788F2DE&sms=2413CFE1BCE87E0E&Create=1. “The Official Position of the Republic of China (Taiwan) on the People’s Republic of China’s Anti-Secession (Anti-Separation) Law.” “The Official Position of the Republic of China (Taiwan) on the People’s Republic of China’s Anti-Secession (Anti-Separation) Law.” “The Official Position of the Republic of China (Taiwan) on the People’s Republic of China’s Anti-Secession (Anti-Separation) Law.” Nationality Act (1929) (rev. 2021) Article 2(1-2) (Taiwan), available at: https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll. aspx?pcode=D0030001 The Immigration Act (rev. 2023) (Taiwan), available at: https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=D0080132 “Taiwanese Parents,” Taiwanese Citizenship, accessed January 12, 2024, https://citizenship.tw/taiwanese-parents/. “Regulations for Newly Revised Immigration Act,” Ministry of Interior National Immigration Agency Republic of China (Taiwan), December 29, 2023, https://www.immigration.gov.tw/5475/5478/141457/141990/362128/; “Taiwanese Parents.” Enforcement Rules of the Nationality Act (2021) Article 3, available at: https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll. aspx?pcode=D0030022 Enforcement Rules of the Nationality Act (2021). Nationality Act (1929) (rev. 2021) Article 3. Nationality Act (1929) (rev. 2021) Article 9 The Immigration Act (rev. 2023), Article 9; ‘New Hometown New Life: Foreign Spouses’ Living in Taiwan Handbook’ (immigration.gov.tw) pg 19 <https://www.immigration.gov.tw/5475/5478/6928/249817/> accessed 16 January 2024 The Immigration Act (rev. 2023), Arts 9, 31 The Immigration Act (rev. 2023), Article 93, available at: https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll. aspx?pcode=D0080132 REPORT 2024 317

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