A. T HE R IGHT TO NAT IONALIT Y FOR EV E RY INDIV IDUAL
the applicants’ rights with respect to their private and family
life.69
Consequently, individuals’ private and family life, as well
as the fact that they had established their residence in the country
for decades, weighs higher on the proportionality scale if the
question of citizenship deprivation ever arises. In other words,
these factors would make citizenship deprivation an arbitrary
and unlawful exercise. These factors are clearly applicable in the
case of precarious citizens in Assam, who have a genuine link to
India [↘], and strengthen the conclusion that they are at the risk
of arbitrary deprivation of nationality.
Thirdly, citizenship deprivation process must always be in
accordance with the law. This is possible only when it is true to
its letter and object, has a clear and clearly articulated legal basis
for such a measure, and is predictable.70 Despite the Supreme
Court of India confirming that the principle of res judicata applies
to FT decisions,71 there are several ground reports of individuals
who had been declared as Indians by FTs being served notice and
having their citizenship questioned once again.72 This translates
to a situation where, in practice, the citizenship deprivation
exercise in Assam lacks finality and fails to protect individuals
from multiple litigation arising from the same cause. The
Supreme Court repeatedly revised the list of documents that
individuals could file in order to establish their citizenship.73 The
burden is upon the precarious citizens to prove their Indian
69
Kuric and others v Slovenia App no 26828/06 (ECtHR, 26 June 2012).
70
Shamima Begum v Special Immigration Appeals Division (n 34). See ‘Skeleton Argument of the UN
Special Rapporteur on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
while Combating Terrorism’ (n 34). See also Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion, ‘Draft
Commentary to the Principles on Deprivation of Nationality’ (n 35) 52.
71
Abdul Kuddus v Union of India and Ors (2019) 6 SCC 604.
72 Amnesty International, ‘Designed to Exclude’ (n 46) 44 - 45; Sagar,‘Case Closed: How Assam’s
Foreigners Tribunals, aided by the High Court, function like kangaroo courts and persecute its
minorities’ (Caravan Magazine, 6 November 2019) <https://caravanmagazine.in/law/assamforeigners-tribunals-function-like-kangaroo-courts-persecute-minorities> accessed 30 July 2020;
Sagar, ‘A case of double incrimination reveals the chimera of fair trials in Foreigners Tribunals’
(Caravan Magazine, 25 November 2019) <https://caravanmagazine.in/law/foreigner-tribunal-assamnrc-jalal-seikh-double-jeopardy> accessed 31 July 2020.
73 Mohsin Alam Bhat, ‘On the NRC, Even the Supreme Court is Helpless’ The Wire (7 January 2019)
<https://thewire.in/law/nrc-supreme-court-crisis> accessed 23 July 2020.
chapter i • status
59
SECTION I.A.3.2
see Section I.A.1 (Chapter I),
pg 43
Select target paragraph3
Connect to a paragraph
Connect to an entity
Disable highlights
Add to table of contents