Dual Citizenship in the European Union: trends and analysis (2010-2020)
Table 1 – Overview of dual citizenship policies in the EU-28
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
No renunciation
required for any
mode of acquisition
of citizenship
Renunciation requirement
for acquisition of citizenship
No renunciation
required for any
mode of acquisition
of citizenship
A05
Birth in country
(acquisition after birth)
Renunciation exceptions
Renunciation exceptions
Renunciation
A06
Ordinary naturalisation
Renunciation (note:
exceptions A22/
A24/A26/A27)
Renunciation (note:
exceptions A08/
A19/A22/A24/A26)
Renunciation (note:
exceptions A08/
A19/A24)
A07
Socialisation-based
acquisition
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
A08
Spousal transfer
Renunciation
No renunciation
No renunciation
A09
Filial transfer
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
A10
Adoption
No renunciation
No renunciation
No renunciation
A11
Transfer to other relatives
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
A12
Transfer from former citizen
No renunciation
No renunciation
n.a.
A13
Spousal extension
Renunciation exceptions
n.a.
Renunciation exceptions
A14
Filial extension
Renunciation exceptions
No renunciation
No renunciation
A15
Extension to other relatives
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
A16
Reacquisition
Renunciation exceptions
No renunciation
No renunciation
A17
Restricted citizenship rights
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
A18
Citizenship of a specific
country
Renunciation exceptions
n.a.
n.a.
A19
Cultural affinity
n.a.
No renunciation
No renunciation
A20
Presumed citizens
No renunciation
n.a.
n.a.
A21
Very long residence
Renunciation exceptions
n.a.
n.a.
A22
Refugees
No renunciation
No renunciation
n.a.
A23
stateless or unclear
citizenship
No renunciation
No renunciation
n.a.
A24
Special achievements
No renunciation
No renunciation
No renunciation
A25
Public service
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
A26
Financial assets
No renunciation
No renunciation
n.a.
A27
Other reasons
No renunciation
n.a.
n.a.
No loss of citizenship
upon ret/acq foreign
citizenship
No loss of citizenship
upon ret/acq foreign
citizenship
No loss of citizenship
upon ret/acq foreign
citizenship
Renunciation requirement
for acquisition of citizenship
L05
Acquisition of foreign
citizenship
Loss - exceptions
L06
Non-renunciation foreign
citizenship (acquisition by
birth)
n.a.
20
Cyprus
No loss of citizenship
upon ret/acq foreign
citizenship
RSCAS/GLOBALCIT-Comp. 2020/4 - © 2020 Author