Through diplomacy and contributions to UNHCR’s core budget, the United States supports the #IBelong Global Campaign to End Statelessness by 2024 and is a member of the Group of Friends of the campaign in Geneva, Switzerland. PRM monitors UNHCR’s statelessness activities in the field to track progress toward its Global Action Plan to End Statelessness. PRM uses diplomacy to mobilize other governments to prevent and resolve situations that leave people stateless. For example, PRM spearheaded the USG’s introduction and sponsorship of two resolutions on statelessness in the Human Rights Council in 2012 and 2016 in Geneva, and we encourage other governments to support UNHCR’s statelessness mandate. In some cases, the United States funds non-governmental organizations to provide assistance and advocate on behalf of stateless people. PRM supported the Women's Refugee Commission (WRC) to manage the Global Campaign for Equal Nationality Rights. Launched in 2014 with UNHCR and other IOs and NGOs on its steering committee, the Campaign seeks to combat discrimination in nationality laws that prohibit women from transmitting citizenship to their children on an equal basis with men and that often results in statelessness. It aims to create awareness of the problem of gender discrimination in nationality laws and statelessness and mobilize local civil society efforts to persuade governments to repeal and amend nationality laws that discriminate against women. PRM is a founding donor of this Campaign and has provided a total of $1,518,404 to WRC since FY 2014. The project has been highly successful to date, with its national workshop in Madagascar resulting in reform of the country’s nationality law in 2016, and significant momentum for reforms generated by workshops in Bahrain and Togo. In its year two efforts, this project organized the unprecedented meeting of the League of Arab States, which resulted in the Arab Declaration of Belonging and Identity. This declaration, hailed as groundbreaking, asserts that participating Arab states must adopt and uphold nationality rights that are equal in their application to men and women nationals of each respective country. WRC has also maintained contact with its previous successes; notably in Togo, the project continues to work with Togolese government and civil society to help develop and maintain the nationality law reform efforts after their passage of the law. WRC’s 2019 project year built on 2018 accomplishments with a continued focus on eight target countries: Bahrain, Barbados, Kuwait, Liberia, Malaysia, Nepal, Qatar, and Togo. It intends to use the project’s successes with the above Arab Declaration of Belonging and Identity and the soon-to-come Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Right to a Nationality and the Eradication of Statelessness in Africa to continue its momentum with other regional partners and governments. Although in 2017 and 2018, WRC aimed to prove that discrete events and advocacy can effect change, it hoped to scale its efforts in year three to include an expansion of its advocacy to the international sphere by changing various countries’ domestic law on naturalization. Some activities include WRC’s Global Coalition Capacity Building and Advocacy Planning Workshop, hosted in Istanbul in April 2018 to streamline WRC’s internal communications between all coalition partners. In June 2019, a member of the WRC’s Global Campaign Steering Committee, the Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion, hosted the World Conference on Statelessness and Inclusion in The Hague. In an effort to create awareness and increase knowledge of statelessness issues, PRM supported five research projects between 2010 and 2016 looking at statelessness issues. 1. An empirical study by Kingston University to examine the costs of statelessness in terms of household income/livelihoods, education, and health. 2. A Women’s Refugee Commission study of the impact of discrimination against women in nationality laws in North Africa and the Near East. 63